Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool for the study of forensic materials; it has the ability to analyze small samples down to pico-mole quantities with molecular specificity. The ability to investigate both organic and inorganic compounds, volatile and nonvolatile species, and examine them in-situ, inside glass or plastic has also increased the interest in Raman approaches. Application areas include identification of illicit drugs, counterfeit materials, unknown chemicals, and explosives, as well as characterization of inks, paints, fibers, and hair.